Pshemakho Kotsev: Former President of the North Caucasian Republic

Pshemakho Kotsev (1884-1962) was a North Caucasian writer, activist, and the second leader of the Republic of Union of the United Mountaineers of the North Caucasus

By Amerbi Karmov — The subject of revolution and civil war in the North Caucasus invariably garners heightened interest from a broad readership. This interest stems from the complex situation that emerged in this region, characterised by a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional population and compounded by unresolved land issues in the Terek area. Thus, unlike in central Russia, where civil strife was primarily based on class differentiation—the struggle of the proletariat allied with peasantry against the bourgeoisie—the lines of civil conflict in the Terek initially followed ethnic markers. This confrontation was further intensified by the involvement of various political forces in armed conflict. Soviet regional historiography's oversimplification and glossing over these complexities led to the substitution of the intricate, multidimensional historical narrative of the peoples with a simplistic construct of the "Reds" versus the "Whites". The most selfless individuals, dedicated to serving the people, were pigeonholed under ideological labels like "counter-revolutionary nationalist bourgeoisie", "anti-people social elites", "world bourgeoisie's followers", etc. Among them is Pshemakho Kotsev [in Circassian: Куэцэ Пщымахуэ -Ed.], a figure largely unknown to the general public, except to a small circle of Caucasian historians.

The Keeper of History: In Memory of Anzor Agumaa

Anzor Agumaa (6 January 1958-9 September 2012) was an archaeologist, local historian, artist, and collector.

Anzor Agumaa, an archaeologist, local historian, artist, and collector, would have celebrated his 66th birthday on January 6, 2024. This article offers a glimpse into his life, exploring his contributions to preserving the historical and cultural heritage of Sukhum, and the relentless drive that characterised his professional and personal life.

Yuri Kalmykov: A Devoted Friend of Abkhazia and a Proud Son of the Caucasus

Yuri Kalmykov was the first the President of the International Circassian Association (ICA).

Yuri Kalmykov (Kabardian-Circassian: Къалмыкъ Юрэ); (January 1, 1934 - January 16, 1997), a distinguished lawyer, politician, the first president of the International Circassian Association (ICA), Minister of Justice of the Russian Federation in 1993-1994, and advocate for the national interests of the peoples of the Caucasus. Kalmykov was an exceptional Adyghe (Circassian) figure who made a significant impact in supporting the fraternal people of Abkhazia during the Abkhaz Nation's Patriotic War of 1992-1993.

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